Semantic Landmarks

*,
*::before,
*::after {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

body {
  font-family: "Inter", system-ui, -apple-system, sans-serif;
  background: #0a0a0a;
  color: #e4e4e7;
  line-height: 1.6;
  min-height: 100vh;
}

/* Toggle Controls */
.demo-controls {
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 100;
  background: rgba(10, 10, 10, 0.85);
  backdrop-filter: blur(12px);
  border-bottom: 1px solid #27272a;
  padding: 0.75rem 1.5rem;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
}

.btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.4rem;
  padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  font-family: inherit;
  border: 1px solid #27272a;
  border-radius: 8px;
  background: #18181b;
  color: #e4e4e7;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: all 0.15s;
}

.btn:hover {
  background: #27272a;
}

.btn:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid #3b82f6;
  outline-offset: 2px;
}

.btn--icon {
  width: 36px;
  height: 36px;
  padding: 0;
  justify-content: center;
  border-radius: 50%;
}

.btn--toggle[aria-pressed="true"] {
  background: rgba(59, 130, 246, 0.15);
  border-color: rgba(59, 130, 246, 0.3);
  color: #60a5fa;
}

/* Landmark Page */
.landmark-page {
  max-width: 960px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 1rem;
}

/* Landmark outlines */
.landmark {
  position: relative;
}

.show-outlines .landmark::after {
  content: attr(data-landmark);
  position: absolute;
  top: 4px;
  right: 4px;
  font-size: 0.6rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
  padding: 0.15rem 0.45rem;
  border-radius: 4px;
  pointer-events: none;
  z-index: 10;
  line-height: 1.4;
}

/* Color coding per landmark type */
.show-outlines header.landmark {
  outline: 2px dashed rgba(244, 63, 94, 0.4);
  outline-offset: -2px;
}

.show-outlines header.landmark::after {
  background: rgba(244, 63, 94, 0.2);
  color: #fb7185;
  border: 1px solid rgba(244, 63, 94, 0.3);
}

.show-outlines nav.landmark {
  outline: 2px dashed rgba(245, 158, 11, 0.4);
  outline-offset: -2px;
}

.show-outlines nav.landmark::after {
  background: rgba(245, 158, 11, 0.2);
  color: #fbbf24;
  border: 1px solid rgba(245, 158, 11, 0.3);
}

.show-outlines main.landmark {
  outline: 2px dashed rgba(59, 130, 246, 0.4);
  outline-offset: -2px;
}

.show-outlines main.landmark::after {
  background: rgba(59, 130, 246, 0.2);
  color: #60a5fa;
  border: 1px solid rgba(59, 130, 246, 0.3);
}

.show-outlines aside.landmark {
  outline: 2px dashed rgba(139, 92, 246, 0.4);
  outline-offset: -2px;
}

.show-outlines aside.landmark::after {
  background: rgba(139, 92, 246, 0.2);
  color: #a78bfa;
  border: 1px solid rgba(139, 92, 246, 0.3);
}

.show-outlines footer.landmark {
  outline: 2px dashed rgba(34, 197, 94, 0.4);
  outline-offset: -2px;
}

.show-outlines footer.landmark::after {
  background: rgba(34, 197, 94, 0.2);
  color: #4ade80;
  border: 1px solid rgba(34, 197, 94, 0.3);
}

/* Header */
.page-header {
  padding: 1rem 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #27272a;
}

.header-inner {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 1.5rem;
}

.logo {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.5rem;
  color: #fafafa;
  text-decoration: none;
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: 1rem;
}

.nav-primary {
  flex: 1;
}

.nav-list {
  display: flex;
  gap: 0.25rem;
  list-style: none;
}

.nav-link {
  padding: 0.4rem 0.75rem;
  font-size: 0.825rem;
  color: #71717a;
  text-decoration: none;
  border-radius: 6px;
  transition: all 0.15s;
}

.nav-link:hover {
  color: #e4e4e7;
  background: #1e1e22;
}

.nav-link--active {
  color: #fafafa;
  background: #1e1e22;
}

.nav-link:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid #3b82f6;
  outline-offset: 2px;
}

.header-actions {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.5rem;
}

.avatar {
  width: 32px;
  height: 32px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: #3b82f6;
  color: #fff;
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
}

/* Content Layout */
.content-layout {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 240px;
  gap: 1.5rem;
  padding: 1.5rem 0;
}

/* Main */
.page-main {
  min-height: 400px;
}

.main-title {
  font-size: 1.4rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: #fafafa;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
}

.main-desc {
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  color: #71717a;
  margin-top: 0.25rem;
}

.stats-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 0.75rem;
  margin-top: 1.5rem;
}

.stat-card {
  background: #111113;
  border: 1px solid #27272a;
  border-radius: 10px;
  padding: 1rem;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 0.25rem;
}

.stat-label {
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  color: #71717a;
}

.stat-value {
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: #fafafa;
}

.content-section {
  margin-top: 1.5rem;
}

.section-title {
  font-size: 1rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: #fafafa;
  margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

.activity-list {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
}

.activity-item {
  display: flex;
  gap: 0.75rem;
  padding: 0.65rem 0;
}

.activity-item + .activity-item {
  border-top: 1px solid #1e1e22;
}

.activity-dot {
  width: 8px;
  height: 8px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  margin-top: 0.45rem;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.activity-info {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
}

.activity-text {
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  color: #d4d4d8;
}

.activity-text strong {
  color: #fafafa;
}

.activity-time {
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  color: #52525b;
}

/* Pagination nav */
.nav-pagination {
  margin-top: 1.5rem;
  display: flex;
  gap: 0.3rem;
}

.page-link {
  width: 32px;
  height: 32px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  border-radius: 6px;
  background: #18181b;
  border: 1px solid #27272a;
  color: #a1a1aa;
  text-decoration: none;
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  transition: all 0.15s;
}

.page-link:hover {
  background: #27272a;
  color: #fafafa;
}

.page-link[aria-current="page"] {
  background: #3b82f6;
  border-color: #3b82f6;
  color: #fff;
}

.page-link:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid #3b82f6;
  outline-offset: 2px;
}

/* Aside */
.page-aside {
  padding: 1rem;
  background: #111113;
  border: 1px solid #27272a;
  border-radius: 12px;
  height: fit-content;
}

.aside-title {
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: #fafafa;
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.aside-list {
  list-style: none;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
}

.aside-link {
  display: block;
  padding: 0.35rem 0;
  font-size: 0.825rem;
  color: #a1a1aa;
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: color 0.15s;
}

.aside-link:hover {
  color: #3b82f6;
}

.aside-link:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid #3b82f6;
  outline-offset: 2px;
}

.aside-team {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 0.4rem;
}

.team-member {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.5rem;
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  color: #d4d4d8;
}

.member-dot {
  width: 8px;
  height: 8px;
  border-radius: 50%;
}

.member-dot--online {
  background: #22c55e;
}

.member-dot--away {
  background: #f59e0b;
}

/* Footer */
.page-footer {
  border-top: 1px solid #27272a;
  padding: 1rem 0;
}

.footer-inner {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
}

.footer-copy {
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  color: #52525b;
}

.nav-footer {
  display: flex;
  gap: 1rem;
}

.footer-link {
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  color: #71717a;
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: color 0.15s;
}

.footer-link:hover {
  color: #e4e4e7;
}

.footer-link:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid #3b82f6;
  outline-offset: 2px;
}

/* Legend */
.legend {
  max-width: 960px;
  margin: 1rem auto 3rem;
  padding: 1.5rem;
  background: #111113;
  border: 1px solid #27272a;
  border-radius: 12px;
}

.legend-title {
  font-size: 1rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: #fafafa;
  margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

.legend-items {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.75rem 1.5rem;
}

.legend-item {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.5rem;
  font-size: 0.825rem;
  color: #a1a1aa;
}

.legend-swatch {
  width: 14px;
  height: 14px;
  border-radius: 3px;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.legend-swatch--header {
  background: rgba(244, 63, 94, 0.3);
  border: 1px solid rgba(244, 63, 94, 0.5);
}
.legend-swatch--nav {
  background: rgba(245, 158, 11, 0.3);
  border: 1px solid rgba(245, 158, 11, 0.5);
}
.legend-swatch--main {
  background: rgba(59, 130, 246, 0.3);
  border: 1px solid rgba(59, 130, 246, 0.5);
}
.legend-swatch--aside {
  background: rgba(139, 92, 246, 0.3);
  border: 1px solid rgba(139, 92, 246, 0.5);
}
.legend-swatch--footer {
  background: rgba(34, 197, 94, 0.3);
  border: 1px solid rgba(34, 197, 94, 0.5);
}

.legend-item code {
  background: #1e1e22;
  padding: 0.1rem 0.35rem;
  border-radius: 4px;
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  color: #d4d4d8;
  font-family: "SF Mono", "Fira Code", monospace;
}

.legend-note {
  margin-top: 0.75rem;
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  color: #52525b;
  line-height: 1.5;
}

.legend-note code {
  background: #1e1e22;
  padding: 0.08rem 0.3rem;
  border-radius: 3px;
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  color: #a1a1aa;
  font-family: "SF Mono", "Fira Code", monospace;
}

@media (max-width: 640px) {
  .content-layout {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .stats-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .header-inner {
    flex-wrap: wrap;
  }
}

(() => {
  const toggleBtn = document.getElementById("toggle-outlines");
  const page = document.getElementById("landmark-page");

  toggleBtn.addEventListener("click", () => {
    const isActive = page.classList.toggle("show-outlines");
    toggleBtn.setAttribute("aria-pressed", isActive ? "true" : "false");
  });
})();

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8" />
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
  <title>Semantic Landmarks</title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css" />
</head>
<body>
  <div class="demo-controls">
    <button class="btn btn--toggle" id="toggle-outlines" aria-pressed="true">
      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><rect x="3" y="3" width="18" height="18" rx="2" ry="2"/><line x1="3" y1="9" x2="21" y2="9"/><line x1="9" y1="21" x2="9" y2="9"/></svg>
      Toggle Landmark Outlines
    </button>
  </div>

  <div class="landmark-page show-outlines" id="landmark-page">

    <!-- HEADER (banner) -->
    <header class="page-header landmark" data-landmark="header (banner)">
      <div class="header-inner">
        <a href="#" class="logo" aria-label="Acme Dashboard Home">
          <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><polygon points="12 2 2 7 12 12 22 7 12 2"/><polyline points="2 17 12 22 22 17"/><polyline points="2 12 12 17 22 12"/></svg>
          <span>Acme</span>
        </a>

        <!-- Primary NAV -->
        <nav aria-label="Primary navigation" class="nav-primary landmark" data-landmark='nav (aria-label="Primary")'>
          <ul class="nav-list">
            <li><a href="#" class="nav-link nav-link--active">Dashboard</a></li>
            <li><a href="#" class="nav-link">Projects</a></li>
            <li><a href="#" class="nav-link">Reports</a></li>
            <li><a href="#" class="nav-link">Settings</a></li>
          </ul>
        </nav>

        <div class="header-actions">
          <button class="btn btn--icon" aria-label="Notifications">
            <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M18 8A6 6 0 0 0 6 8c0 7-3 9-3 9h18s-3-2-3-9"/><path d="M13.73 21a2 2 0 0 1-3.46 0"/></svg>
          </button>
          <div class="avatar" aria-label="User profile">JD</div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </header>

    <div class="content-layout">
      <!-- MAIN -->
      <main class="page-main landmark" data-landmark="main">
        <h1 class="main-title">Dashboard Overview</h1>
        <p class="main-desc">Welcome back! Here is a summary of your recent activity.</p>

        <div class="stats-grid">
          <div class="stat-card">
            <span class="stat-label">Active Projects</span>
            <span class="stat-value">12</span>
          </div>
          <div class="stat-card">
            <span class="stat-label">Open Tasks</span>
            <span class="stat-value">47</span>
          </div>
          <div class="stat-card">
            <span class="stat-label">Team Members</span>
            <span class="stat-value">8</span>
          </div>
        </div>

        <section class="content-section" aria-labelledby="recent-heading">
          <h2 id="recent-heading" class="section-title">Recent Activity</h2>
          <div class="activity-list">
            <div class="activity-item">
              <div class="activity-dot" style="background:#3b82f6;" aria-hidden="true"></div>
              <div class="activity-info">
                <span class="activity-text">Alice pushed 3 commits to <strong>feature/auth</strong></span>
                <span class="activity-time">2 hours ago</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="activity-item">
              <div class="activity-dot" style="background:#8b5cf6;" aria-hidden="true"></div>
              <div class="activity-info">
                <span class="activity-text">Bob completed code review on <strong>PR #142</strong></span>
                <span class="activity-time">5 hours ago</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="activity-item">
              <div class="activity-dot" style="background:#22c55e;" aria-hidden="true"></div>
              <div class="activity-info">
                <span class="activity-text">Deployment to <strong>staging</strong> succeeded</span>
                <span class="activity-time">1 day ago</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </section>

        <!-- Secondary NAV inside main -->
        <nav aria-label="Pagination" class="nav-pagination landmark" data-landmark='nav (aria-label="Pagination")'>
          <a href="#" class="page-link" aria-current="page">1</a>
          <a href="#" class="page-link">2</a>
          <a href="#" class="page-link">3</a>
        </nav>
      </main>

      <!-- ASIDE (complementary) -->
      <aside class="page-aside landmark" data-landmark="aside (complementary)" aria-label="Sidebar">
        <h2 class="aside-title">Quick Links</h2>
        <ul class="aside-list">
          <li><a href="#" class="aside-link">Documentation</a></li>
          <li><a href="#" class="aside-link">API Reference</a></li>
          <li><a href="#" class="aside-link">Changelog</a></li>
          <li><a href="#" class="aside-link">Support</a></li>
        </ul>

        <h2 class="aside-title" style="margin-top:1.5rem;">Team Online</h2>
        <div class="aside-team">
          <div class="team-member">
            <div class="member-dot member-dot--online" aria-hidden="true"></div>
            <span>Alice Lin</span>
          </div>
          <div class="team-member">
            <div class="member-dot member-dot--online" aria-hidden="true"></div>
            <span>Bob Kim</span>
          </div>
          <div class="team-member">
            <div class="member-dot member-dot--away" aria-hidden="true"></div>
            <span>Carol Rivera</span>
          </div>
        </div>
      </aside>
    </div>

    <!-- FOOTER (contentinfo) -->
    <footer class="page-footer landmark" data-landmark="footer (contentinfo)">
      <div class="footer-inner">
        <span class="footer-copy">Acme Inc. 2026. All rights reserved.</span>
        <nav aria-label="Footer navigation" class="nav-footer landmark" data-landmark='nav (aria-label="Footer")'>
          <a href="#" class="footer-link">Privacy</a>
          <a href="#" class="footer-link">Terms</a>
          <a href="#" class="footer-link">Contact</a>
        </nav>
      </div>
    </footer>
  </div>

  <!-- Landmark Legend -->
  <div class="legend" id="legend">
    <h3 class="legend-title">Landmark Map</h3>
    <div class="legend-items">
      <div class="legend-item"><span class="legend-swatch legend-swatch--header"></span><code>&lt;header&gt;</code> (banner)</div>
      <div class="legend-item"><span class="legend-swatch legend-swatch--nav"></span><code>&lt;nav&gt;</code> (navigation)</div>
      <div class="legend-item"><span class="legend-swatch legend-swatch--main"></span><code>&lt;main&gt;</code> (main)</div>
      <div class="legend-item"><span class="legend-swatch legend-swatch--aside"></span><code>&lt;aside&gt;</code> (complementary)</div>
      <div class="legend-item"><span class="legend-swatch legend-swatch--footer"></span><code>&lt;footer&gt;</code> (contentinfo)</div>
    </div>
    <p class="legend-note">Screen readers let users jump between landmarks. Multiple <code>&lt;nav&gt;</code> elements should use <code>aria-label</code> to distinguish them.</p>
  </div>

  <script src="script.js"></script>
</body>
</html>